<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<chapter id="panels">
  <title>使用面板</title>

  <!-- Maintained for 2.8 compatibility -->
  <anchor id="gospanel-1"/>

  <!-- Desktop Overview / Panels -->
  <anchor id="gosoverview-502"/>

  <highlights>
    <para>这一章介绍了如何使用 GNOME 桌面上方和下方的面板，如何自定义对象显示在面板上，以及如何向桌面上添加新的面板。</para>
  </highlights>

  <section id="panels-intro">
    <title>介绍</title>

    <!-- Maintained for 2.8 compatibility -->
    <anchor id="gospanel-2"/>

    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板</primary>
      <secondary>介绍</secondary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>面板是 GNOME 桌面上一个您可以管理特定动作和信息的区域，不论您的程序窗口处于何种状态。例如，在默认的 GNOME 面板上，您可以启动应用程序，查看时间和日期，控制系统音量等。</para> 
    <para>您可以依喜好而定制面板。您可以改变他们的行为和表现，您可以向面板上添加或者删除对象。您可以创建多个面板，同时每一个都有不同的属性、对象和背景。您也可以隐藏面板。</para>
    <para>默认情况下，GNOME桌面的屏幕上下边缘会各有一个面板，以下的部分就是介绍这些面板的。</para>

    <section id="top-panel">
      <title>上边缘面板</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-6"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>上边缘面板</secondary>
        <see>上边缘面板</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>上边缘面板</primary>
        <secondary>介绍</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>默认情况下，上边缘面板上包含以下部分：</para>
      <note><para>您的 GNOME 分发版可能会改变此默认设置。</para></note>
           
      <variablelist>
      	<varlistentry>
      		<term><application>菜单栏</application>小程序</term>
      		<listitem><para>The Menu Bar contains the <guimenu>Applications</guimenu>, <guimenu>Places</guimenu>, and <guimenu>System</guimenu> menus. For more on the menu bar, see <xref linkend="menubar"/>.</para></listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
      	<varlistentry>
      	  <term>A set of application launcher icons</term>
          <listitem><para>The exact number of icons depends on your GNOME distribution, but in general you will find at least a launcher for the <application>Web Browser</application>, an <application>Email client</application> and the <application>Help Browser</application>. Click on any launcher icon to open the corresponding application.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      	<varlistentry>
      	  <term><application>通知区域</application> 小程序</term>
          <listitem><para>当您工作在其他应用程序时，这里会显示一个图标提醒您，或者您可以访问它而不必切换当前程序窗口。更多相关内容请参阅 <xref linkend="panels-notification-area"/>。</para>
          <para>当没有程序图标加入时，这里只显示一个小条。</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

         
        <varlistentry>
          <term><application>时钟</application>小程序</term>
          <listitem><para>The <application>Clock</application> shows the current
      time. Click on the time to open a small calendar. You can also view a world map by clicking the <guilabel>Locations</guilabel> expansion label. For more on this, see the <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:clock">Clock Applet Manual</ulink>.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><application>音量控制器</application>小程序</term>
          <listitem><para>The <application>Volume Control</application> enables you to control the volume of the speakers on your system. For more on this, see the <ulink type="help" url="ghelp:gnome-volume-control">Volume Control Manual</ulink>.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term><indexterm><primary>顶端边缘面板</primary><secondary>窗口列表图标</secondary></indexterm><application>窗口选择器r</application>图标</term>
          <listitem><para>The <application>Window Selector</application> lists all of your
      open windows. To give focus to a window, click on the window selector icon
      at the extreme right of the top edge panel, then select the window. For more on this, see <xref linkend="windows-focus"/>.</para></listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </section>
    <section id="bottom-panel">
      <title>下方边缘面板</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-3"/>        
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>下方边缘面板</secondary>
        <see>下方边缘面板</see>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>下方边缘面板</primary>
        <secondary>介绍</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>在默认下，下方边缘面板包含以下对象：</para>
      <note><para>您的 GNOME 分发版可能会改变此默认设置。</para></note>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>下方边缘面板</primary>
        <secondary>默认目录</secondary>
      </indexterm>            
      <variablelist>
      	<varlistentry>
      		<term><guibutton>显示桌面</guibutton>按钮</term>
      		<listitem><para>Click on this button to minimize all open windows and show the desktop. Click it again to restore all of the windows to their previous state.</para></listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
      	<varlistentry>
      		<term><application>窗口列表</application>小程序</term>
      		<listitem><para>Displays a button for each window that is open. The <application>Window List</application> enables you to minimize and restore windows. For more on this, see <xref linkend="windowlist"/>.</para></listitem>
      	</varlistentry>
      	<varlistentry>
      		<term><application>工作区切换</application> 程序</term>
      		<listitem><para>允许您在工作区之间切换。更多的相关信息请参阅<xref linkend="overview-workspaces"/>.</para></listitem>
      	</varlistentry>      	
      </variablelist>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section id="gospanel-5">
    <title>管理面板</title>

    <!-- Desktop Overview / Panels / To Create Panels -->
    <anchor id="gosoverview-26"/>
    <anchor id="gospanel-11"/><!-- To Interact With a Panel -->
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板</primary>
      <secondary>管理</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>以下部分描述了如何管理您的面板</para>
    <para>To interact with a panel, you must click on a vacant space on the panel rather than on any of the objects it holds. If the hide buttons are visible on the panel, you can also middle-click or right-click on one of them to select the panel.</para>
    <section id="gospanel-12">
      <title>移动面板</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>移动</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>拖拽一个面板以移动它到屏幕的另一侧。点击面板上的任何空白处以拖拽它。</para>
      <para>面板不是扩展到整个屏幕宽度时，可以被拖离开屏幕边缘，放在其他位置。参 <xref linkend="panel-properties"/>可以找到如何设置面板扩展属性的详细内容。</para>
    </section>  
    <section id="panel-properties">
      <title>面板属性</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-28"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>修改属性</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以为每一个面板修改属性，例如面板的位置，面板自动隐藏，以及外观可见性。</para>
      <para>要设置面板属性，在面板空白处点右键，选择<guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>命令，<guilabel>面板属性</guilabel>对话框包含两个标签，<guilabel>常规</guilabel>和<guilabel>背景</guilabel>。</para>
      
      <section id="panel-properties-general">
        <title>常规选项卡</title>
        <para>在<guilabel>常规</guilabel>选项卡中，您可以设置面板的尺寸，位置，和自动隐藏，下面的表格描述了<guilabel>常规</guilabel>选项卡中，各个操作的选择：</para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="28.57*"/>
            <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="71.43*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>对话框里的各个选项</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>描述</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>方向</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1">
                  <para>选择面板在屏幕中的位置，点击可以为面板选择一个合适的位置。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>大小</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>点击微调按钮，设定面板的大小。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>扩展</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1">
                  <para>默认情况，面板是扩展到整个屏幕宽度，当面板不是扩展时，可以从屏幕边缘移动到屏幕的其他位置。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>自动隐藏</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option if you want the panel to only be fully visible when the mouse pointer is over it. The panel hides off-screen along its longest edge, leaving a narrow part visible along the edge of the desktop. Move the mouse pointer over the visible part of the panel to make it move back into view.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>显示隐藏按钮</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>选中这个选项可以在面板两端显示一个隐藏按钮，点击这个按钮面板向一边滑动并隐藏，再次点击它重新恢复显示面板。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>Arrows on hide buttons</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>如果显示隐藏按钮选项是选中的，选择这个选项可以在隐藏按钮上显示一个小箭头。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>

      </section>
      <section id="panel-properties-background">
        <title>背景属性选项卡</title>
        <para>您可以在<guilabel>背景</guilabel>选项卡里为面板选择一个背景。这些选项是：</para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colwidth="32.32*"/>
            <colspec colwidth="67.68*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>对话框里的各个选项</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>描述</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>无（使用系统主题）</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to have the panel use the settings in the <link linkend="prefs-theme"><application>Appearance</application> preference tool</link>. This keeps your panel's background looking the same as the rest of the desktop and applications.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>纯色</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>选择这个选项，可以为面板的背景指定一个颜色。点击<guibutton>颜色</guibutton> 按钮显示一个颜色对话框，您可以在里面选择一个喜欢的颜色。</para>
                  <para>使用 <guilabel>样式</guilabel> 滑块来指定颜色的透明度。例如，要是面板成透明的，可以把滑块移到<guilabel>透明</guilabel>的最最左端。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <guilabel>背景图像</guilabel>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Select this option to specify an image for the panel
background. Click on the button to browse for an image file. When you have selected the file, click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>. </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        
        <!-- section folded in: preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
        <anchor id="gospanel-61"/>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>面板</primary>
          <secondary>改变背景</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <!-- Shaun, why does this bit here change the vertical space between the previous 
        table and the following paragraph? -->
             
        <para>您也可以拖动一个颜色或一幅图片到这个按钮上的方法，来设置上面板的背景。您可以从许多窗口里拖动颜色活图片。例如：</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>您可以从其他的颜色选择对话框里拖动。</para>     
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>您可以从 <application>Nautilus</application> 文件管理器里拖动一个图片，从而设定面板的背景。</para>     
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>您可以在<application>Nautilus</application><link linkend="nautilus-backgrounds-and-emblems"> 文件管理器中的<guilabel>背景和徽标</guilabel> 对话框</link>里拖动一个颜色或徽标，到按钮上来设置面板的背景。</para>         
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>点击<guibutton>关闭</guibutton>按钮关闭<guilabel>面板属性</guilabel>对话框。</para>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-7">
      <title>隐藏面板</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>隐藏</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can hide or show a panel if it has hide buttons. If
the hide buttons are not visible on a panel, modify the panel properties so
that the hide buttons are visible. </para>
      <para>隐藏按钮也在面板的两端，隐藏按钮中包含一个箭头图标，下面的实例说明怎样显示隐藏按钮。</para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/four_hide_button.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>水平面板和垂直面板，都有隐藏按钮。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>To hide a panel, click on one of the hide buttons. The panel shrinks
in the direction of the arrow on the hide button. The hide button at the other
end of the panel remains visible.</para>
      <para>要重新显示隐藏起来的面板，点击面板末端的小按钮，面板顺着箭头方向伸展开，所有隐藏的按钮都可以看到了。</para>
      <para>You can set a panel to autohide. When you set autohide, the panel hides
automatically when the mouse is not pointing to the panel. The panel reappears
when you point to the part of the screen where the panel resides. To set your
panel to autohide, <link linkend="panel-properties">modify the properties</link> of the panel.</para>
    </section>    
    <section id="gospanel-10">
      <title>添加一个新面板</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>新建面板</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>要添加一个面板，在任何一个面板的空白处点右键，任何选择<guimenuitem>新建面板</guimenuitem>。这个新面板将添加到 GNOME 桌面上。这个新面板里还没有按钮对象，您可以根据自己的需求定制这个新面板。</para>
    </section>    
    <section id="gospanel-31">
      <title>删除一个面板</title>
      <!-- Desktop Overview / Panels / To Delete Panels -->
      <anchor id="gosoverview-508"/>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板</primary>
        <secondary>删除</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>要从 GNOME 桌面删除一个面板，在面板的空白处点右键，然后选择<menuchoice><guimenuitem>删除该面板</guimenuitem></menuchoice>。</para>
      <note>
        <para>在 GNOME 桌面里，您至少要保留一个面板，如果只剩下一个面板时，将不能再删除面板了。</para>
      </note>
    </section>
  </section>
  
  <!-- =============================================== managing panel objects -->
  <section id="gospanel-8">
    <title>面板对象</title>
    <!-- Desktop Overview / Panels / To Manipulate Panel Objects -->
    <anchor id="gosoverview-21"/>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板</primary>
      <secondary>面板对象</secondary>
      <see>面板对象</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>This section describes the objects that
you can add to and use from your panels.</para>
    <section id="gospanel-100">
      <title>与面板对象交互</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>交互</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>通过鼠标点击，有以下几种方法来操作面板里的按钮对象：</para>
      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>单击左键</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>启动面板对象。</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>单击中键</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>允许您拖动一个按钮图标到另一个位置。</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>单击右键</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>打开面板弹出对象菜单。</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>

      <section id="gospanel-39">
        <title>选择一个小程序</title>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>小程序</primary>
          <secondary>选择</secondary>
        </indexterm>
        <para>要在一个按钮上显示该对象的属性菜单，或者移动这个按钮，按以下步骤操作：</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>一些小程序有一个属性菜单，当您在按钮上点右键时会弹出这个菜单。例如，<application><link linkend="windowlist">窗口列表</link></application>小程序边上有一个垂直的竖线手柄，在旁边有您表示窗口的按钮。要打开<application>窗口列表</application>小程序的属性菜单，您必须要在边上的手柄上点右键，如果您点到了旁边的按钮上，那么出来的是这个按钮的属性菜单。</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>一些小程序有区域您不能用来选择这个小程序。例如，<application>命令行</application>小程序有一个区域您可以输入命令，您不能在这个区域里点击中键或点击右键来选择这个小程序，您可以点击它的其它部分。</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </section>


    </section>
    <section id="panels-addobject">
      <title>添加一个对象到面板上</title>
      
      <!-- preserve for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-15"/>   

      <!-- Desktop Overview / Panels / To Add Objects to Panels -->
      <anchor id="gosoverview-4"/>
      <anchor id="gospanel-40"/><!-- To Add an Applet to a Panel -->
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>添加</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>要添加一个对象到面板中，请按以下步骤操作：</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem><para>在面板的空白处点右键，将显示一个面板弹出菜单。</para></listitem>
        <listitem><para>选择<guisubmenu>添加到面板</guisubmenu>。</para>
          <para>打开<guilabel>添加到面板</guilabel>对话框，中间按字母顺序列出了可用的对象按钮，<link linkend="launchers">应用程序启动器</link>排在最前面。</para>
          <tip><para>您可以在<guilabel>查找</guilabel>文本框里输入对象的名称或描述，这将列出最匹配的对象。</para>
          <para>要恢复到原来的完整列表，请清除<guilabel>查找</guilabel>文本框里的内容。</para>
          </tip>
        </listitem>
        <listitem><para>可以从列表里拖动一个对象到面板上，也可以选中后点<guibutton>添加</guibutton> 按钮，添加到面板上。</para></listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      
      
      <para>您也可以添加<guimenu>应用程序</guimenu>菜单里的一项到面板中：在菜单上点右键，然后选<guimenuitem>将此起动器添加面板</guimenuitem>。</para>

      <para>Each launcher corresponds to a <filename>.desktop</filename> file. You
can drag a <filename>.desktop</filename> file on to your panels to add the
launcher to the panel. </para>
<!--Each menu corresponds to a directory. You can drag the directory on to your panels to add the directory to the panel as a menu object. Is this still true?-->

    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-9">
      <title>更改一个对象的属性</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-41"/><!-- To Modify Preferences for an Applet -->
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>修改属性</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>一些面板对象，例如启动器和抽屉，有一组联合属性。这些属性不同于单个类型对象的属性，详细介绍如下：</para>
      <para>To modify the properties of an object, perform the following steps: </para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <indexterm>
            <primary>面板对象弹出菜单，图示</primary>
          </indexterm>
          <para>在对象上点右键，弹出一个菜单，像 <xref linkend="gospanel-FIG-54"/>。</para>
          <figure id="gospanel-FIG-54">
            <title>面板对象弹出菜单</title>
            <screenshot>
              <mediaobject>
                <imageobject>
                  <imagedata fileref="figures/panel_object_popup_menu.png" format="PNG"/>
                </imageobject>
                <textobject>
                  <phrase>面板对象弹出菜单。菜单项：属性，从面板中删除，锁定，移动。</phrase>
                </textobject>
              </mediaobject>
            </screenshot>
          </figure>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>选择<guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>。在<guilabel>属性</guilabel>对话框里设置面板属性。<guilabel>属性</guilabel>对话框中属性的多少，取决于您第一步中选择的对象。</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Close the <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-32">
      <title>移动面板里的对象</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>移动</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以在面板里移动对象，还可以从一个面板移到另一个面板。还可以在两个面板、抽屉中移动对象。</para>
      <para>要移动一个对象，点击中键(或左键)抓住并拖动对象到新位置。当松开中键时，对象会停留在新位置。</para>
      <para>另外，您也可以使用对象弹出菜单来移动对象，方法如下：</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>在对象上点右键，然后选择<guimenuitem>移动</guimenuitem>。</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>把鼠标指向一个新位置，然后点击一下鼠标左键，将对象放在新位置，可以移动到 GNOME 桌面的任何一个面板中。</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
      <para>移动一个对象会影响其他对象的位置，要控制对象如何移动，您可以指定一个移动模式。要指定移动模式，在要移动的对象上按下面的一个键：</para>
      <informaltable frame="topbot">
        <tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec2" colwidth="15.00*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="30.00*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec3" colwidth="54.00*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry colname="colspec2">
                <para>键</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>移动模式</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec3">
                <para>描述</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para>无按键</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                <para>交换位置移动</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec3" valign="top">
                <para>两个对象交换位置移动，这是默认的移动模式。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para><keycap>Alt</keycap> 键</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>自由移动</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec3" valign="top">
                <para>跳过其他对象，到面板的任意空白处。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry colname="colspec2" valign="top">
                <para><keycap>Shift</keycap> 键</para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>推动移动</para>
              </entry>
              <entry colname="colspec3" valign="top">
                <para>要移动的对象推动其他对象到面板的更远处。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-566">
      <title>锁定面板中的对象</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>锁定</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>锁定面板对象</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以锁定面板中的一个对象使之位置保持不变。当您移动其他对象而又不想使其中一个对象受到影响，可以锁定这个对象。</para>
      <para>To lock an object to its current location in the panel,
right-click on the object to open the panel object popup menu, then select  <guimenuitem>Lock To Panel</guimenuitem>. Deselect this to unlock the object.</para>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-33">
      <title>删除面板中的对象</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>删除</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To remove an object from a panel, right-click on the object
to open the panel object popup menu and then choose <guimenuitem>Remove From
Panel</guimenuitem>. </para>
    </section>
  </section>
  
  <!-- ============================================== big bag o' panel objects -->
  <!-- <remark>won't work because of yelp topic clumping</remark>
    <para>This section describes the different objects you can add to your panels.</para>
    <para>For a list of the objects that are on the top and bottom panels by default, see <xref linkend="top-panel"/> and <xref linkend="bottom-panel"/>.</para>
  -->
  <section id="gospanel-17">
    <title>小程序</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>小程序</primary>
      <secondary>介绍</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板对象</primary>
      <secondary>小程序</secondary>
      <see>小程序</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>An applet is a small application whose
user interface resides within a panel. The following figure shows the following
applets, from left to right: </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para><application><link linkend="windowlist">窗口列表</link></application>：显示当前打开的窗口。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><application>音量控制l</application>：用来控制系统扬声器的音量。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><application>Clock</application>: Shows the current date and time.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="figures/sample_applet.png" format="PNG"/>
        </imageobject>
        <textobject>
          <phrase>Sample applets. The context describes the graphic.</phrase>
        </textobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>
  </section>  

  <section id="launchers">
    <title>启动器</title>
    <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
    <anchor id="gospanel-16"/>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板对象</primary>
      <secondary>启动器</secondary>
      <see>启动器</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para><firstterm>启动器</firstterm>是一个对象，当点击它的时候，可以执行一个特定的动作。</para>
    <para>您可以在面板中，面板菜单和桌面上看到启动器。在这些位置上，一个图标来表示一个启动器。</para>
    <para>使用启动器可以实现如下的功能：</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>启动特定的应用程序。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>执行命令。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>打开文件夹。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>在网页浏览器中打开特定的页面。</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>打开特定的<firstterm>统一资源定位符</firstterm> (URI)。在 GNOME 桌面中，包含特定的 URI，使您能够访问文件管理器中的特定功能。<indexterm><primary>特别的 URI</primary><secondary> 和启动器</secondary></indexterm></para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>您可以修改启动器的属性，包括：启动器的名字，图标和这个启动器如何运行。想了解更多，可以参考<xref linkend="launchers-modify"/>。</para>
    <note><para>在当前位置，一个菜单里的起动器可以不显示图标。例如，如果指定不显示图标，或者整个菜单项设置不显示图标。</para></note>

    <section id="gospanel-34">
      <title>将起动器添加到面板</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>启动器</primary>
        <secondary>添加到面板</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以用以方法，将一个起动器添加到面板：</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>从面板的弹出菜单</para>
          <para>在面板的空白处点右键，然后选择 <guimenu>添加到面板</guimenu> 命令。将打开<link linkend="panels-addobject"><guilabel>添加到面板</guilabel>对话框</link>。</para>
          <para>要创建一个新的起动器，在列表中选择<guilabel>自定义应用程序起动器</guilabel>，然后点“添加”按钮。将显示一个<guilabel>创建起动器</guilabel>对话框。更多详细信息，请参阅 <xref linkend="launchers-properties"/>。</para>
          <para>另外，要添加一个存在的起动器到面板里，在列表里选择<guilabel>应用程序起动器</guilabel>，然后点“前进”按钮，选择列表中的菜单项，点击“添加”即可。</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>从其他菜单中</para>
          <para>To add a launcher to a panel from a menu, perform one of the following
steps:</para>
          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem><para>打开包含起动器的菜单，拖动起动器到一个面板中。</para></listitem>
            <listitem><para>Open the menu that contains the launcher and right-click on the title of the launcher.
Choose <guimenuitem>Add this launcher to panel</guimenuitem>. This method will only work if the launcher is on a sub-menu of the menu that you opened.</para></listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>从文件管理器中</para>
          <para>要从文件管理器中添加一个起动器到面板中，在您的文件系统中找到 <filename>.desktop</filename> 文件，然后拖动 <filename>.desktop</filename> 文件到面板上。</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>

    <section id="launchers-modify">
      <title>更改起动器</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-36"/>        
      <indexterm>
        <primary>启动器</primary>
        <secondary>修改属性</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>要更改面板中起动器的属性，请按下面的步骤操作：</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>在起动器上点右键，显示对象的弹出菜单。</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>选择<guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>。在<guilabel>起动器属性</guilabel>对话框中根据需要设置属性。更多关于<guilabel>起动器属性</guilabel>对话框的信息，请参阅 <xref linkend="launchers-properties"/>。</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>点击<guibutton>关闭</guibutton>按钮关闭<guilabel>起动器属性</guilabel>对话框。</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </section>

          
    <section id="launchers-properties"> 
      <title>启动器属性</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-52"/><!-- To Create a Launcher With the Create Launcher Dialog -->
         
      <para>当您创建或编辑一个起动器时，可以设置下面的属性：</para>
      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry><term>类型</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>Use the drop-down list to specify whether this launcher starts an application or opens a location: </para>
            <variablelist>
              <varlistentry><term>应用程序</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>作为一个应用程序起动器</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>终端中的应用程序</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>The launcher starts an application through a terminal window.</para>
                </listitem>     
              </varlistentry>
              <varlistentry><term>位置</term>
                <listitem>
                  <para>The launcher opens a file, web page or other location.</para>
                </listitem>
              </varlistentry>
            </variablelist>
            <para>If you are editing a location launcher, this drop-down list 
          will not be displayed. If you are editing an application launcher, 
          the <guilabel>Location</guilabel> option will not be available.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry><term>名称</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>This is the name that is displayed if you add the launcher to a menu
or to the desktop.</para>
          </listitem>     
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry><term>命令</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>作为一个应用程序起动器，指定一个命令，当您点击这个起动器时。命令的例子，请参阅<xref linkend="launchers-properties-commands"/>。</para>
          </listitem>     
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry><term>位置</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>For a location launcher, specify the location to be opened. 
            Click <guibutton>Browse</guibutton> to select a location on your 
            computer, or type a web address to launch a web page. For sample 
            locations, see <xref linkend="launchers-properties-commands"/></para>
          </listitem>     
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry><term>注释</term>
          <listitem>
            <para>当您把鼠标指向这个起动器时会显示一个提示。</para>
          </listitem>     
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
      
      <para>To choose an icon for the launcher, click on the icon button, which displays a generic icon by default. An icon selector dialog is displayed. Choose an icon from the dialog. </para>
      <para>要改变起动器的图标，点击当前的图标，在显示的图标选择对话框中，选择一个图标。</para>
  
      <section id="launchers-properties-commands">
        <title>Launcher Commands and Locations</title>
        <!-- Maintained for backwards compatibility: 2.14 -->
        <anchor id="gospanel-556"/>        
        <para>Examples of commands and locations that you can use in the <guilabel>Launcher Properties</guilabel> dialog can be found below.</para>
        
        <para>If you choose <guilabel>Application</guilabel> or <guilabel>Application in Terminal</guilabel>
from the <guilabel>Type</guilabel> drop-down box, the <guilabel>Command</guilabel> text box will be displayed. The following table shows some sample commands and the actions that the commands perform:</para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="47.36*"/>
            <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="52.64*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>应用程序命令实例</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>动作</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>gedit</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                  <para>启动 <application>gedit</application> 文本编辑器。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>gedit /home/user/loremipsum.txt</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Opens the file <filename>/home/user/loremipsum.txt</filename> in the <application>gedit</application> text editor application.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>nautilus /home/user/Projects</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                  <para>Opens the folder <filename>/home/user/Projects</filename> in a File Browser window.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>If you choose <guilabel>Location</guilabel> from the <guilabel>Type</guilabel>
drop-down box, the <guilabel>Location</guilabel> text box will be displayed. The following table
shows some sample locations and the actions that will happen if you click on the launcher:<indexterm><primary>special URIs</primary><secondary>launchers</secondary></indexterm></para>
        <informaltable frame="topbot">
          <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
            <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="47.36*"/>
            <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="52.64*"/>
            <thead>
              <row rowsep="1">
                <entry>
                  <para>Sample Location</para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>动作</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry colname="colspec0" valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>file:///home/user/loremipsum.txt</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry colname="colspec1" valign="top">
                  <para>Opens the file <filename>/home/user/loremipsum.txt</filename> 
                  in the default viewer for its file type.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>file:///home/user/Projects</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>Opens the folder <filename>/home/user/Projects</filename> in a File Browser window.</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>http://www.gnome.org</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>在浏览器中打开 GNOME 网站。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>
                    <command>ftp://ftp.gnome.org</command>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry valign="top">
                  <para>在默认浏览器中打开 GNOME FTP 站点。</para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
      </section>
    </section>    
  </section>
  <section id="gospanel-557">
    <title>按钮</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>按钮</primary>
      <secondary>添加到面板</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>动作按钮</primary>
      <see>按钮</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>您可以添加按钮到面板中，来提供快速访问常用动作和功能。</para>
    <section id="gospanel-563">
      <title>强制退出按钮</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>强制退出</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>强制退出按钮</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>强制退出按钮</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>终止应用程序</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>应用程序</primary>
        <secondary>终止</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/force_quit.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>强制退出图标</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>The <guibutton>Force Quit</guibutton> button allows you to click on 
      a window to force an application to quit. This button is useful if you 
      want to terminate an application that does not respond to your commands, 
      if the application has frozen or crashed, for example.</para>
      <para>To add a <guibutton>Force Quit</guibutton> button to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Force Quit</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      <para>To terminate an application, click on the <guibutton>Force Quit</guibutton>
button, then click on a window from the application that you want to terminate.
If you do not want to terminate an application after you have clicked on the 
<guibutton>Force Quit</guibutton> button, press <keycap>Esc</keycap>.</para>
    </section>
    <section id="panel-lock-screen">
      <title>锁定屏幕按钮</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-21"/>         
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/lockscreen_icon.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>锁定屏幕图标。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>锁定</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>锁定按钮</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>锁定按钮</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>锁定屏幕</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The <guibutton>Lock Screen</guibutton> button locks your screen 
      and activates your screensaver when you click on it. To access your session
again, you must enter your password.</para>
      <para>要添加<guibutton>锁定屏幕</guibutton>按钮到面板，在面板空白处点右键，选择<guimenu>添加到面板</guimenu>命令，然后从“添加到面板”对话框里选择<application>锁定屏幕</application>。更多信息，请参阅<xref linkend="panels-addobject"/>。</para>
      <para>在<guibutton>锁定屏幕</guibutton>按钮上点右键，将显示一个屏幕保护的相关菜单。在 <xref linkend="gosstartsession-TBL-83"/> 里描述了有用的相关命令。</para>
      <table frame="topbot" id="gosstartsession-TBL-83">
        <title>锁定屏幕菜单项</title>
        <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
          <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="43.55*"/>
          <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="56.45*"/>
          <thead>
            <row rowsep="1">
              <entry>
                <para>菜单条目</para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>功能</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guimenuitem>激活屏幕保护程序</guimenuitem>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>立即激活屏幕保护程序</para>
                <para>如果您在<application>屏幕保护程序</application>选项工具中已经设置了<guilabel>激活屏幕保护时锁定屏幕</guilabel>，这也将锁定屏幕。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guimenuitem>锁定屏幕</guimenuitem>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>立即锁定屏幕。该命令所执行的函数与点击<guibutton>锁定屏幕</guibutton>按钮时所执行的函数是一样的。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>
                  <guimenuitem>属性</guimenuitem>
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry valign="top">
                <para>打开<link linkend="prefs-screensaver"><application>屏幕保护程序</application>选项工具</link>，您可以设置屏幕锁定时的屏幕保护类型。</para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </table>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-20">
      <title>注销按钮</title>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/logout_icon.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>注销图标</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>注销</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>注销按钮</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>注销按钮</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The <guibutton>Log Out</guibutton> button allows you to log out of
a GNOME session or switch to a different user account.</para>
      <para>To add a <guibutton>Log Out</guibutton> button to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Log Out</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      <para>To log out of your session or switch users, click on the 
      <guibutton>Log Out</guibutton> button and then click on the appropriate 
      button in the dialog that appears. </para>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-555">
      <title>运行按钮</title>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/run_button.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>运行应用程序图标。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>运行</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>运行按钮</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>运行按钮</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The <guibutton>Run</guibutton> button opens the 
      <guilabel>Run Application</guilabel> dialog, which allows you to start an 
      application by choosing it from a list. </para>
      <para>To add a <guibutton>Run</guibutton> button to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Run Application</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      <para>To open the <application>Run Application</application> dialog, click 
      on the <guibutton>Run</guibutton> button. </para>
      <para>For more information on the <guilabel>Run Application</guilabel> dialog,
see <xref linkend="gospanel-23"/>.</para>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-554">
      <title>搜索按钮</title>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/searchtool_button.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>搜索工具图标。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>搜索</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>搜索按钮</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>搜索按钮</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>The <guibutton>Search</guibutton> button opens the 
      <application>Search Tool</application>, which allows you to search for 
      files on your computer. </para>
      <para>To add a <guibutton>Search</guibutton> button to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then choose <application>Search for Files</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      <para>To open the <application>Search Tool</application>, click on
the <guibutton>Search</guibutton> button. </para>
      <para>更多关于<application>搜索工具</application>的信息，请参阅<ulink type="help" url="ghelp:gnome-search-tool">搜索工具手册</ulink>。</para>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-564">
      <title>显示桌面按钮</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>按钮</primary>
        <secondary>Minimize Windows</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>Minimize
Windows button</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>Minimize Windows
button</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/show_desktop_button.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>显示桌面图标</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>您可以用 <guibutton>显示桌面</guibutton> 按钮来最小化所有打开的窗口，从而显示桌面。</para>
      <para>To add a <guibutton>Show Desktop</guibutton> button to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Show Desktop</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      <para>To minimize all windows and show the desktop, click on the 
      <guibutton>Show Desktop</guibutton> button. To restore all windows to 
      their previous state, click it again.</para>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section id="panel-menus">
    <title>菜单</title>

    <!-- Desktop Overview / Menus -->
    <anchor id="gosoverview-42"/>
    <anchor id="gospanel-37"/>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>菜单</primary>
      <secondary>添加到面板</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板对象</primary>
      <secondary>菜单</secondary>
    </indexterm>
    <para>您可以添加下面类型的菜单到面板中：</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para><guimenu>Menu Bar</guimenu>: You can access almost
all of the standard applications, commands, and configuration options from
the menus in the Menu Bar. It contains the <guimenu>Applications</guimenu>, 
<guimenu>Places</guimenu>, and <guimenu>System</guimenu> menus.</para>
        <para>To add a <guimenu>Menu Bar</guimenu> to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Menu Bar</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><guimenu>Main Menu</guimenu>: The Main Menu contains the same 
        items as the Menu Bar, but organizes them into one menu instead of three. 
        It takes up less space on the panels as a result.</para>
        <para>To add a <guimenu>Main Menu</guimenu> to a panel, right-click
on any vacant space on the panel. Choose <guimenu>Add to Panel</guimenu>, then 
choose <application>Main Menu</application> from the Add to Panel dialog. 
See <xref linkend="panels-addobject"/> for more on this.</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para><guimenu>Submenus</guimenu>: You can add a submenu of the Menu Bar 
        or Main Menu directly to the panel. For example, you can add the <guimenu>Games</guimenu> 
        submenu of the <guimenu>Applications</guimenu> menu to the panel.</para>
        <para>To add a submenu to a panel, open the submenu, right-click on a launcher, then choose 
<menuchoice><guimenu>Entire menu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add this as menu to panel</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

  </section>
  <section id="gospanel-18">
    <title>抽屉</title>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>面板对象</primary>
      <secondary>抽屉</secondary>
      <see>抽屉</see>
    </indexterm>
    <para>A drawer is an extension of a panel. You
can open and close a drawer in the same way that you can show and hide a panel.
A drawer can contain all panel objects, including launchers, menus, applets, 
and other drawers. When you open a drawer, you can use
the objects in the same way that you use objects on a panel. </para>
    <para>下面显示了一个打开的抽屉。里面包含两个面板对象。</para>
    <screenshot>
      <mediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="figures/open_drawer.png" format="PNG"/>
        </imageobject>
        <textobject>
          <phrase>Open drawer. The context describes the graphic.</phrase>
        </textobject>
      </mediaobject>
    </screenshot>
    <para>The arrow on the icon indicates that it represents a drawer
or menu.</para>
    <para>您可以从抽屉添加、移动、删除对象，就像从面板添加、移动、删除对象一样。</para>
    <section id="gospanel-42">
      <title>打开或关闭一个抽屉</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>抽屉</primary>
        <secondary>打开</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>抽屉</primary>
        <secondary>关闭</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>To open a drawer, click on the drawer's icon in a panel. You can close
a drawer in the following ways: </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click on the drawer's icon.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>点击抽屉隐藏按钮。</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-420">
      <title>向面板添加一个抽屉</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>抽屉</primary>
        <secondary>添加到面板</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以通过以下方式向面板添加一个抽屉：</para>
      <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>从面板的弹出菜单</term>
        <listitem>
          <orderedlist>
            <listitem><para>Right-click on any vacant space on the panel, then choose
            <guimenuitem>Add to Panel</guimenuitem>.</para></listitem>
            <listitem><para>In the <application>Add to Panel</application> dialog, select
            <guilabel>Drawer</guilabel>.  Click <guibutton>Add</guibutton>, then click
            <guibutton>Close</guibutton>.</para></listitem>
          </orderedlist>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>从其他菜单中</term>
        <listitem>
          <para>您可以将菜单作为抽屉对象添加到面板。</para>
          <para>要把一个菜单像抽屉一样添加到面板，并从面板打开菜单。在菜单的任何起动器上点右键，然后选择<menuchoice><guimenu>整个菜单</guimenu><guimenuitem>将它作为抽屉添加进面板</guimenuitem></menuchoice>。</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-54">
      <title>向抽屉添加一个对象</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>抽屉</primary>
        <secondary>添加对象到</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以像添加对象到面板一样，添加对象到抽屉中。更多信息，请参阅：<xref linkend="panels-addobject"/>。</para>
    </section>
    <section id="gospanel-550">
      <title>修改抽屉属性</title>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>抽屉</primary>
        <secondary>修改属性</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>You can modify the properties of each drawer individually. For 
      example, you can change the visual appearance of the drawer and whether 
      it has hide buttons.</para>
      <para>要设置一个抽屉的属性，按一下步骤进行：</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Right-click on the drawer, then choose 
          <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem> to display the <guilabel>Drawer Properties</guilabel> dialog.
The dialog displays the <guilabel>General</guilabel> tabbed section.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>在对话框中选择抽屉属性。下表描述了<guilabel>常规</guilabel>对话框中的各个选项：</para>
          <informaltable frame="topbot">
            <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
              <colspec colname="colspec0" colwidth="28.57*"/>
              <colspec colname="colspec1" colwidth="71.43*"/>
              <thead>
                <row rowsep="1">
                  <entry>
                    <para>对话框里的各个选项</para>
                  </entry>
                  <entry>
                    <para>描述</para>
                  </entry>
                </row>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <row>
                  <entry colname="colspec0">
                    <para>
                      <guilabel>大小</guilabel>
                    </para>
                  </entry>
                  <entry colname="colspec1">
                    <para>Specify the width of the drawer when it is open.</para>
                  </entry>
                </row>
                <row>
                  <entry colname="colspec0">
                    <para>
                      <guilabel>图标</guilabel>
                    </para>
                  </entry>
                  <entry colname="colspec1">
                    <para>Choose an icon to represent the drawer. Click
on the <guibutton>Icon</guibutton> button to display an icon selector dialog.
Choose an icon from the dialog and click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to confirm your choice.</para>
                  </entry>
                </row>
                <row>
                  <entry valign="top">
                    <para>
                      <guilabel>显示隐藏按钮</guilabel>
                    </para>
                  </entry>
                  <entry valign="top">
                    <para>Select this option to display hide buttons on your
drawer. When you click one of the buttons, the drawer will close.</para>
                  </entry>
                </row>
                <row>
                  <entry valign="top">
                    <para>
                      <guilabel>Arrows on hide buttons</guilabel>
                    </para>
                  </entry>
                  <entry valign="top">
                    <para>Select this option to display arrows on the hide
buttons, if the hide buttons are enabled.</para>
                  </entry>
                </row>
              </tbody>
            </tgroup>
          </informaltable>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>You can use the <guilabel>Background</guilabel> tabbed section
to set the background for the drawer. For information on how to complete the <guilabel>Background</guilabel> tabbed section, see <xref linkend="panel-properties"/>. You can also drag a color or image on to a drawer
to set the color or image as the background of the drawer. For more information,
 see <xref linkend="panel-properties-background"/>.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Click <guibutton>Close</guibutton> to close the <guilabel>Drawer Properties</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section id="panel-default">
    <!-- a temporary home for things that should one day be in a greater list of panel objects -->
    <title>默认面板对象</title>
    
    <para>这个是在默认 GNOME 桌面上显示的面板对象。</para>
    
    <section id="panel-windowselector"> 
      <title>窗口选择小程序</title>
      <!-- preserve for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gosmetacity-27"/>   
      <indexterm>
        <primary>上边缘面板</primary>
        <secondary>窗口选择器图标</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>窗口选择器</primary>
        <secondary>上边缘面板</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para>您可以察看当前打开的窗口列表。您也可以选择一个窗口作为当前窗口。要察看窗口列表，单击<application>窗口选择器</application>小程序。下面显示<application>窗口选择器</application>小程序的一些特点：</para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/openwindows_menu.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>在上边缘面板显示窗口选择器。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>要让一个窗口获得焦点，从 <application>窗口选择器</application>小程序里选择它。</para>
      <para>The <application>Window Selector</application> lists the windows in
all workspaces. The windows in all workspaces other than the current workspace 
are listed under a separator line.</para>
    </section>  

    <section id="panels-notification-area">
      <title>通知区域小程序</title>
      <!-- preserve id for backwards compatibility: 2.12 -->
      <anchor id="gospanel-567"/>         
      <indexterm>
        <primary>小程序</primary>
        <secondary>通知区域</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>面板对象</primary>
        <secondary>通知区域小程序</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>通知区域小程序</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/notification_area_icon.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>通知区域图标。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para><application>通知区域</application>小程序显示一个应用程序活动图标。例如，当您使用 <application>CD 播放器</application>播放一个CD时，一个 CD 光盘图标显示在<application>通知区域</application>。上面的图就是 CD 图标表示程序在<application>通知区域</application>时的样子。</para>
    </section>
     
    <section id="goseditmainmenu-65">
      <title>菜单栏</title>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/menu_bar_applet.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <textobject>
            <phrase>菜单栏。菜单：应用程序，位置，系统。</phrase>
          </textobject>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>The <application>Menu Bar</application> contains the 
      <guimenu>Applications</guimenu>, <guimenu>Places</guimenu>, and 
      <guimenu>System</guimenu> menus. You can access
  almost all of the standard applications, commands, and configuration options
  from the <application>Menu Bar</application>. For more on using the Menu Bar, see <xref linkend="menubar"/>.</para>
    </section>

<!-- This has been pasted from the Window List manual so that the Window List applet help is integrated into the GUG. -->
<!-- This section needs gross refactoring (making task-based for starters) -->

 <section id="windowlist">
  <title>窗口列表</title>

	 <para>The <application>Window List</application> applet enables you to manage the windows that are open on the GNOME desktop. Window List uses a button to represent each window or group of windows that is open. The state of the buttons in the applet varies depending on the state of the window that the button represents. The following table explains the possible states of the <application>Window List</application> buttons.</para>
	<informaltable>
	<tgroup cols="2">
	<colspec colname="col1"/>
	<colspec colname="col2"/>
	<thead>
	<row valign="top">
	<entry colname="col1"><para>状态</para></entry>
	<entry colname="col2"><para>指示…</para></entry>
	</row>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
	<row valign="top">
	<entry colname="col1"><para>The button is pressed in.</para></entry>
	<entry colname="col2"><para>窗口获得焦点。</para></entry>
	</row>
	<row valign="top">
	<entry colname="col1"><para>The button appears faded. The button text is surrounded by square brackets.</para></entry>
	<entry colname="col2"><para>窗口已最小化。</para></entry>
	</row> 
	<row valign="top">
	<entry colname="col1"><para>The button is not pressed in, and is not faded.</para></entry>
	<entry colname="col2"><para>窗口显示在桌面，没有最小化。</para></entry>
	</row>
	<row valign="top">
	<entry colname="col1"><para>在按钮标题最后括号里有一个数字。</para></entry>
	<entry colname="col2"><para>这个按钮代表一组按钮。</para></entry>
	</row>
	</tbody>
	</tgroup>
	</informaltable>

<!-- ================ Usage ================================ -->
  <section id="windowlist-usage"> 
	 <title>用法</title> 
	 <para>您可以使用<application>窗口列表</application>来完成下面的任务：</para>
	<itemizedlist>
	<listitem>
	<para>使一个窗口获得焦点，成为当前窗口</para>
	<para>If you click on the Window List button that represents a window that is on the desktop but does not have focus, the applet gives focus to the window. </para>
	</listitem>
	<listitem>
	<para>最小化窗口</para>
	<para>If you click on the Window List button that represents the window that has focus, the applet minimizes the window. </para>
	</listitem>
	<listitem>
	<para>恢复一个最小化的窗口</para>
	<para>If you click on the Window List button that represents a minimized window, the applet restores the window.</para>
	</listitem>
	</itemizedlist>
	
	<para>You can change the order of the Window List buttons by dragging a button to a different location on the Window List.</para>
	
  </section>
<!-- ============= Preferences ============================= -->
  <section id="windowlist-prefs"> 
	 <title>首选项</title> 
	 <para>To configure the <application>Window List</application>, right-click 
	 on the handle to the left of the window buttons, then choose <guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>. 
	 The following preferences can be changed:</para>
    
    <!-- Maintained for compatibility -->
    <anchor id="windowlist-prefs-behavior"/>
    <anchor id="windowlist-prefs-size"/>
    
	 <variablelist>
	 <varlistentry><term><guilabel>窗口列表</guilabel> </term>
	 <listitem>
	 <para>To specify which windows to display in the Window List, select one of the following options: </para>
	 	<itemizedlist>
	 	<listitem>
	 	<para><guilabel>显示当前工作区中的窗口</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>选择这个选项，那么只显示当前工作区中打开的窗口。</para>
	 	</listitem>
	 	<listitem><para><guilabel>显示所有工作区中的窗口</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>选择这个选项，那么显示所有工作区中打开的窗口。</para>
	 	</listitem>
	 	</itemizedlist>
	 </listitem>
	 </varlistentry>
	 
	 <varlistentry><term><guilabel>窗口分组</guilabel> </term>
	 <listitem>
	 <para>To specify when the Window List should group windows that belong to the same application, select one of the following options: </para>
		<itemizedlist>
	 	<listitem>
	 	<para><guilabel>从不对窗口分组</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>Select this option to never group windows of the same application under one button.</para>
		</listitem>
	 	<listitem>
	 	<para><guilabel>当空间有限时将窗口分组</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>Select this option to group windows of the same application under one button when the space on the panel is restricted.</para>
		</listitem>
	 	<listitem>
	 	<para><guilabel>总是对窗口分组</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>Select this option to always group windows of the same application under one button.</para>
		</listitem>
		</itemizedlist>
	 </listitem>
	 </varlistentry>
	 
	 <varlistentry><term><guilabel>恢复最小化窗口</guilabel> </term>
	 <listitem>
	 <para>To define how the Window List behaves when you restore windows, select one of the following options.</para>
	 	<itemizedlist>
	 	<listitem>
	 	<para><guilabel>回到当前工作区</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>选择这个选项，将这个窗口恢复到当前工作区，甚至这个窗口以前不再当前工作区。</para>
	 	</listitem>
	 	<listitem><para><guilabel>恢复到原始工作区</guilabel></para>
	 	<para>Select this option to switch to the workspace in which a window originally resided when you restore the window from the applet. </para>
	 	</listitem>
	 	</itemizedlist>
	 <para>These options are only available if <guilabel>Show windows from all workspaces</guilabel> is selected in the <guilabel>Window List Content</guilabel> section of the dialog.</para>
	 </listitem>
	 </varlistentry>
	 </variablelist>

  </section>
 </section>

  </section>
</chapter>
